Founded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in the wreckage of the Ottoman Empire, the republic came into existence at about the high-water mark of Western confidence, when it appeared that European ways would become the global template. Atatürk imposed a dizzying array of changes , including European laws, the Latin alphabet, the Gregorian calendar, personal last names, hats instead of fezzes, monogamy, Sunday as the day of rest, a ban on dervishes, the legal right to drink alcohol, and Turkish as a liturgical language. 1923 में तुर्की गणतंत्र की स्थापना के बाद से इसके समक्ष उत्पन्न सबसे बड़ी चुनौती के मध्य इस सप्ताह मैंने इस्ताम्बूल की यात्रा की ।
मोबाइल